Kako očistiti pečurke
Počnite sa svežim pečurkama (ova metoda neće funkcionisati sa pečurkama koje su iz konzerve ili prezrele).
Ako je moguće, koristite četkicu ili suvi papirni ubrus da obrišete prljavštinu sa pečuraka.
NE perite niti kvasite pečurke jer voda može prouzrokovati rast gljivica ili buđi na pečurkama dok se suše ili nakon skladištenja.
Sušenje pečuraka na vazduhu
1. Isecite pečurke na kriške debljine 1,25 cm.
2. Isprobajte ovu metodu za susenje pečuraka samo po sunčanim danima sa veoma niskom vlažnošću. Ako je previše vlage u vazduhu, pečurkama će trebati mnogo duže da se osuše i buđ može početi da raste.
3. Pronađite dobro mesto za sušenje - sunčane prostorije, mesta sa cirkulacijom vazduha.
4. Položite pečurke ravno u jednom sloju. Uverite se da se nijedna od njih ne preklapa jer bi se mogle zalepiti tokom sušenja ili se navlaziti. Stavite ih na rešetku za pečenje postavljenu na pleh za pečenje ili nešto što omogućava cirkulaciju vazduha oko njih. NE pretrpavajte pečurke.
5. Pokrijte pečurke i stalak za sušenje mrežicom. Mrežica će držati insekte podalje. Ako nemate mrežicu, možete jednostavno koristiti komad mrežaste tkanine prebačen preko i ispod stalka za sušenje i pečuraka.
6. Stavite pečurke na mesto koje ste izabrali i ostavite ih da se suše na suncu 5 ili 6 dana. Proveravajte njihov napredak nekoliko puta dnevno.
Vreme sušenja će varirati u zavisnosti od nivoa vlažnosti i veličine pečuraka.
7. Razmislite o dovršavanju pečuraka u rerni ako nisu potpuno suve posle 6 dana na suncu. Pročitajte dole - Sušenje pečuraka u rerni.
8. Ili ih možete sušiti na suncu 7 do 10 dana.
9. Da biste ubrzali proces, možete ih delimično dehidrirati u rerni. Stavite u rernu zagrejanu na 80°C (175°F) na 2 sata, okrećući ih posle sat vremena.
10. Zatim prebacite na rešetku za sušenje na vazduhu još 3-5 dana.
11. Čuvajte ih u zatvorenoj posudi do 2 godine (uverite se da su pečurke POTPUNO osušene pre nego što ih zatvorite).
12. Da biste rehidrirali pečurke za kuvanje, potopite ih u toplu vodu 1-2 sata. Koristite tečnost za natapanje u kuvanju po želji, jer je puna ukusa.
Sušenje pečuraka u rerni
0. Očistite pečurke kao što je gore objašnjeno.
1. Isecite pečurke.
Što su pečurke deblje, duže će im trebati da se osuše.
Da biste ubrzali proces sušenja, isecite pečurke na kriške debljine približno 0,3 cm.
2. Stavite pečurke na pleh za pečenje. Uverite se da pečurke leže ravno i jedna pored druge. Nijedna pečurka ne sme da se preklapa. Poređajte ih u jednom sloju.
NE podmazujte plehove uljem.
3. Zagrejte rernu na 65°C (150°F).
4. Stavite pleh sa pečurkama u rernu na 1 sat.
5. Izvadite ih. Okrenite ih da se ravnomerno osuše. Uklonite vlagu koja se nakupila na njihovoj površini tokom sušenja. Koristite papirni ubrus ili suvu krpu da biste uklonili vlagu.
6. Vratite pečurke u rernu. Susite pečurke 1 sat ili dok se potpuno ne osuše.
7. Proverite da li na površini ima preostale vlage. Ako je ima, okrenite ih i uklonite vlagu papirom.
8. Nastavite da proveravate pečurke dok se potpuno ne osuše.
Ponavljajte postupak susenja i uklanjanja vlage dok se pečurke potpuno ne osuše. Pravilno osušene pečurke treba da se raspadaju kao kreker.
9. Ostavite pečurke da se ohlade na plehu. Ne stavljajte ih u posudu sa zatvorenim poklopcem dok su još vruće, jer toplota može izazvati kondenzaciju u posudi.
10. Čuvajte sušene pečurke u hermetički zatvorenim posudama.
11. Čuvajte ih na tamnom i hladnom mestu.
Sušenje pečuraka pomoću dehidratora
Većina pečuraka se dobro suši.
Pratite uputstva proizvođača
1. Isecite ih na ravnomerno tanke komade.
To može ubrzati proces.
2. Sušite pečurke na temperaturi od 43°C dok ne postanu hrskave i suve (ili pratite posebna uputstva koja dolaze uz vaš dehidrator).
Ovaj proces traje 4 do 6 sati za kriške od 6 mm i do 8 sati za deblje kriške - 1.2 cm.
2. Da biste sprečili truljenje, sušite ih dok ne postanu tvrde (pucaju kada pokušate da ih savijete) i dok se više ne mogu saviti.
3. Ostavite sušene pečurke da se potpuno ohlade pre skladištenja.
4. Sušene pečurke možete čuvati u hermetički zatvorenoj posudi, na hladnom i tamnom mestu, veoma dugo.
Tegle čuvajte dalje od direktne svetlosti ili toplote.
5. Da biste ih koristili, rehidrirajte ih u posudi sa toplom vodom 30 do 60 minuta. Sačuvajte ukusnu vodu sa pečurkama za supu, sos ili neko drugo jelo.
Ili ih prelijte ključalom vodom u posudi otpornoj na toplotu. Potopite ih 20 do 30 minuta. Sačuvajte aromatizovanu tečnost za namakanje za supe i sosove. Koristite rehidrirane pečurke kao što biste koristili sveže pečurke.
Neke pečurke, poput lisičarki, mogu postati malo gumaste nakon sušenja. Ako se to desi, možete ih samlrti u prah u mlinu za začine ili mlinu za kafu i koristiti ga kao začin.
How to clean mushrooms
Start with fresh mushrooms (this method will not work with mushrooms past their prime).
If possible, use a brush or dry paper towel to wipe any dirt off of the mushrooms.
DO NOT wash or wet mushrooms because the water could cause fungi or mold to grow on the mushroom while they are drying or after they have been stored.
Air drying mushrooms
1. Cut the mushrooms into slices 1.25 cm thick.
2. Try this method for preserving mushrooms only on sunny days with very low humidity. If there is too much humidity in the air, it will take much longer for the mushrooms to dry and mold may begin to grow.
3. Find a good location for drying - sunny rooms, places that have air circulation.
4. Lay the mushrooms flat in one layer. Make sure that none of them are overlapping as they might get stuck together while drying. Place them on the baking rack set on top of a baking sheet, or something that allows air to circulate around them. Do NOT overcrowd the mushrooms.
5. Cover the mushrooms and drying rack in a 'net tent. The net tent will keep the bugs away.
If you don't have a net tent, you can simply use a piece of mesh fabric draped over and under the dry rack and mushrooms.
6. Place the mushrooms in the place you have chosen and allow them to dry in the sun for 5 or 6 days. Check their progress several times each day.
Drying time will vary based on humidity levels and the size of the mushrooms.
7. Consider finishing the mushrooms in the oven if they aren't totally dry after 6 days in the sun.
Read below - Drying mushrooms in the oven.
8. Or you can dry them in the sun for 7 to 10 days.
9. To speed up the process, you can partially dehydrate them in the oven.
Place in an oven heated to 80 C (175 F) for 2 hours, flipping them halfway through.
10. Then transfer to a wire rack to air-dry for another 3-5 days.
11. Store them in a sealed container for up to 2 years (be sure the mushrooms are COMPLETELY dried before sealing them away).
12. To rehydrate the mushrooms for cooking, soak in warm water for 1-2 hours. Use the soaking liquid in cooking if desired, as it is full of flavor
Drying mushrooms in the oven
0. Clean the mushrooms as explained above.
1. Cut the mushrooms.
The thicker the mushrooms, the longer it takes for them to dry out.
To speed up the drying process, cut the mushrooms into slices approximately 0.3 cm thick.
2. Place the mushrooms on a baking sheet. Make sure that the mushrooms lay flat and side by side. None of the mushrooms should overlap. Lay them out in one layer.
Do NOT oil the sheets.
3. Preheat the oven to 65 C (150 F).
4. Place the baking sheet with the mushrooms into the oven for 1 hour.
5. Take them out. Flip them over so that they dry evenly. Remove any moisture that has risen on their surfaces during the drying process. Use a paper towel or dry cloth to remove any of the moisture.
6. Place the mushrooms back in the oven. Bake the
mushrooms for 1 hour or until they are completely dried.
7. Check to make sure they do not have any remaining
moisture on their surface. If they do, turn them over and remove any moisture with a paper.
8. Continue to check the mushrooms until they are fully dry.
Repeat the baking and removing moisture process until the mushrooms are totally dry.
A properly dried mushrooms should snap apart like a cracker.
9. Allow the mushrooms to cool on the baking sheet. Do not place them in a container with a closed lid while they are still hot as the heat might cause condensation in the container.
10. Store the dried mushrooms in air-tight containers.
11. Keep them in a dark, cool place.
Drying mushrooms with dehydrator
Most mushrooms dry well.
Follow the manufacturer's instructions
1. Slice them into uniformly thin pieces.
It can speed up the process.
2. Dry mushrooms at 110 F until the pieces are crispy dry (or follow specific instructions that come with your dehydrator).
This process takes 4 to 6 hours for ¼ inch slices and up to 8 hours for thicker slices.
2. To prevent decay, dry them until they are cracker hard (snap when you try to bend them) and are not bendable.
3. Allow the dried mushrooms to cool completely before storing them
4. You can keep dried mushrooms in an airtight container, in a cool, dark place, for a very long time.
Store the jars away from direct light or heat.
5. To use, rehydrate them in a bowl of warm water for 30 to 60 minutes. Keep the delicious mushroom-infused water for a soup, sauce, or another dish.
Or pour boiling water over them in a heat-proof bowl. Soak them for 20 to 30 minutes.
Save the richly flavored soaking liquid for soup stocks and sauces. Use the rehydrated mushrooms as you would fresh mushrooms
Some mushrooms, like chanterelles, may become a bit rubbery after they are dried. If this happens, you can grind them into a powder in a spice mill or coffee grinder and use it as a seasoning.
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